Aircraft / Special purpose / Breguet Br.1050 Alizé

Breguet Br.1050 Alizé

General Facts

  • TYPE
    Anti-submarine warfare aircraft

  • ORIGIN
    France

  • NICKNAMES
    Br.1050 (production designation)

  • DESIGNED
    1950's

  • DESIGNER
    Breguet

  • PRODUCTION
    1957 - 1962

  • PRODUCERS
    France - Breguet

  • QUANTITY
    87 production aircraft, 5 prototypes

  • UNIT COST
    Unknown

  • CHARACTERISTICS
    Well armed
    Good endurance
    Carrier borne
    Limited capability sensors
    Vulnerable to aircraft and AA-guns

Introduction

The Alizé is an anti-submarine warfare aircraft of French origin. It was developed by Breguet in the 1950's and was based on an earlier design for a fighter that did not go into production. As with many French aircraft the Alizé is named after type of wind, the tradewind in this case. The Alizé was to be used from aircraft carriers while the contemporarty Atlantic carried out its missions from bases near the shore. Although the anti-submarine warfare capabilities were a bit lacking, it proved to be very capable as a maritime patrol aircraft. During several conflicts Indian Alizé's were very effective against small surface vessels.

Layout

The Alizé is a turboprop powered aircraft. It has a conventional design with a single low mounted wing and a single Rolls-Royce Dart engine in the nose. The crew of three consists of a pilot and radar operator seated side by side, with the sensor operator behind them. The wings can be folded to save space during storage on the aircaft carrier. Landing on the carrier deck is achieved by a hook at the tail of the plane which catches a wire on the landing deck. Weapons can be carried in the internal bay or on wing pylons.

Firepower

For use against submarines a single lightweight torpedo or two depth charges can be carried in the internal weapons bay. Free fall bombs, 68mm SNEB unguided rockets and AS.12 guided rockets can be carried on the wing pylons. There is no internal cannon or machine gun.

Electronics

The Alizé is fitted with a retractable radar for surface search and sonobueys for detecting submarines. In the early 1980's a batch of French aircraft received an upgrade with a better radar, improved navigations and ESM systems. A second upgraded in the 1990's included a datalink, improved avionics and FLIR. Even though the upgrades were major improvements over the original equipment, the capabilities remained a bit limited compared to contemporary aircraft in the same role.

Mobility

As a turboprop aircraft the speed is rather limited with a 518 km/h maximum at altitude and 460 km/h at sea level. The limited speed makes the Alizé an easy target for fighter aircraft and anti-aircraft guns. On the other hand speed is not a major requirement in maritime patrol. Endurance and range are of greater importance and both are good with an endurance of over 5 hours.

Users

The Alizé was only acquired by France and India, with France being the major user. Both nations used the Alizé on aircraft carriers and to a lesser extent from shore bases. During several conflicts the Alizé proved to be very useful, even though its effectiveness against submarines was limited. The last Alizé retired in the year 2000 and none remains in service.

Variants

Alizé

The Breguet Br.1050 Alizé is an anti-submarine warfare aircraft for use from aircraft carriers. Only a single type was produced and there are no real variants. In French service the Alizé was upgraded twice and renamed Br.1050M after the first upgrade. Both upgrades consisted of improving the electronics and sensors.

TypeAnti-submarine warfare aircraft
Crew3 (pilot, radar operator, sensor operator)
Length13.86 m
Width15.60 m wingspan, 7.0 m wings folded
Height5.0 m
Surface36.0 m2
Weight5.7 t empty, 8.2 t MTOW
PowerplantRolls-Royce Dart Rda.7 Mk 21, 1.975 hp
Speed520 km/h maximum at 3 km, 370 km/h cruise, 232 km/h patrol speed
Range2.870 km ferry, 2.500 km standard
Fuel?
Climb rate7.0 m/s at sea level
Ceiling6.3 km
Landing gearRetractable tricycle, double wheels rear
Cargo1.250 kg of ordnance
SystemsIguane radar, Equinox navigation system, ESM systems, datalink, 14x sonobuoy
Remarks7 hour 40 minute max endurance, 5 hour normal endurance
Weapon systemsMk 43 torpedo
Mk 44 torpedo
Depth charges
127mm FFAR
68mm SNEB
AS-12 missiles
Free fall bombs
Fixed weapons-
Hardpoints4 pylons
Option 1Single Mk 43 or Mk 44 torpedo in weapons bay
Option 2Two depth charges instead of torpedo in weapons bay
Option 3Single 127mm rocket on three small pylons replacing outboard pylon
Option 47 round SNEB pod on pylon
Option 5Single AS.12 missile on each outer pylon
Option 6Free fall bomb on each pylon
Option 7-
Option 8-

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